{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "f09b99d9-aa59-42ee-abe5-f8f18c9d30ca",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x=5\n",
    "x=\"a\"*x\n",
    "print(x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "a24e5a03-9a45-43e2-9c35-96913fbcb8f5",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x=5\n",
    "x=\"a\"*x\n",
    "print(x)\n",
    "x=9"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "7bb43a2d-37cf-4a24-8de1-e29a3bac97fe",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x=5\n",
    "x=\"a\"*x\n",
    "print(x)\n",
    "x=9\n",
    "x*3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "15d06428-a57b-4f7c-b57f-41d95804d4f8",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a=[4,2,9]\n",
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "f445d304-db15-46df-af02-f8f327b67c9e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a.pop()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "4c99dee9-b236-4c5c-96ed-302b02293da6",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "d4de8bf5-fa3e-483b-803e-133a6144edd7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "f9757f1b-3015-491f-8ab2-f8a8861176d8",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "4a2bc6ef-8097-461c-8d60-eaa4d35bb9b2",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "77eec25b-d491-4c40-974f-f273ca46b936",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a.append(7)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "00b0da52-b0cf-4b6e-96b8-fb4cbb9931a9",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "986283d6-967e-4c7f-b9c2-9684df4768d2",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "2ca61b18-0376-4f1c-955c-08f127fbf8a6",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import time\n",
    "\n",
    "while True:\n",
    "    print('hello')\n",
    "    time.sleep(3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "93ed05da-7617-482d-b67f-0142c65d253f",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x=20"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "e808c627-8701-4591-a339-6f47019ae692",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print('done')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "99702cfe-a31c-4ff7-9fe2-1fde6dcdb257",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 一级标题\n",
    "## 二级标题\n",
    "### 三级标题"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "d78ac83d-143e-45c6-8ef2-35fbe77f30b1",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 一级标题\n",
    "这是一段普通的文本。\n",
    "\n",
    "## 二级标题\n",
    "### 三级标题\n",
    "这里是一些段落内容。可以使用多个段落来组织文本，段落之间用空行分隔。\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "### 列表\n",
    "#### 无序列表\n",
    "- 项目 1\n",
    "- 项目 2\n",
    "  - 子项目 2.1\n",
    "  - 子项目 2.2\n",
    "\n",
    "#### 有序列表\n",
    "1. 第一项\n",
    "2. 第二项\n",
    "   1. 子项 2.1\n",
    "   2. 子项 2.2\n",
    "\n",
    "### 链接和图片\n",
    "[这是一个链接](https://www.example.com)\n",
    "\n",
    "![示例图片](https://picsum.photos/200/300)\n",
    "\n",
    "### 代码块\n",
    "#### 行内代码\n",
    "使用 `print(\"Hello, World!\")` 可以在 Python 中打印一条消息。\n",
    "\n",
    "#### 代码块\n",
    "```python\n",
    "def greet(name):\n",
    "    return f\"Hello, {name}!\"\n",
    "\n",
    "message = greet(\"Alice\")\n",
    "print(message)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "eb4edd48-6e62-43c9-9351-34d71b844b9a",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "# 探索神奇的世界\n",
    "\n",
    "## 引言\n",
    "在这个奇妙的世界里，充满了无数令人惊叹的事物。让我们一起踏上这场探索之旅，去发现那些隐藏在角落的美好。\n",
    "\n",
    "## 自然风光\n",
    "大自然是一位伟大的艺术家，它创造了许多令人叹为观止的风景。\n",
    "\n",
    "### 壮丽的山脉\n",
    "山脉是大自然的脊梁，它们高耸入云，气势磅礴。例如，喜马拉雅山脉是世界上最高的山脉，拥有许多海拔超过 8000 米的山峰。\n",
    "\n",
    "![喜马拉雅山脉](https://picsum.photos/800/400?random=1)\n",
    "\n",
    "### 宁静的湖泊\n",
    "湖泊宛如大地的明珠，清澈的湖水倒映着周围的美景，让人感到宁静与祥和。下面这张图片展示了一个宁静的高山湖泊。\n",
    "\n",
    "![高山湖泊](https://picsum.photos/800/400?random=2)\n",
    "\n",
    "## 动物王国\n",
    "动物是地球上最可爱的居民，它们有着各种各样的形态和习性。\n",
    "\n",
    "### 可爱的熊猫\n",
    "熊猫是中国的国宝，它们憨态可掬的模样深受人们喜爱。熊猫主要以\n",
    "竹子为食，大部分时间都在吃和睡觉。\n",
    "\n",
    "![熊猫](https://picsum.photos/800/400?random=3)\n",
    "\n",
    "### 神秘的海豚\n",
    "海豚是一种非常聪明的动物，它们生活在海洋中，常常与人类友好互动。海豚具有出色的游泳能力和回声定位系统。\n",
    "\n",
    "![海豚](https://picsum.photos/800/400?random=4)\n",
    "\n",
    "## 科学技术\n",
    "科学技术的发展让我们的生活变得更加便捷和美好。\n",
    "\n",
    "### 人工智能\n",
    "人工智能是当今科技领域的热门话题，它在图像识别、自然语言处理等方面取得了巨大的进展。例如，智能语音助手可以帮助我们完成各种任务。\n",
    "\n",
    "### 太空探索\n",
    "人类对太空的探索从未停止，我们已经成功发射了许多探测器和卫星，对太阳系和宇宙有了更深入的了解。\n",
    "\n",
    "## 总结\n",
    "通过这次探索，我们看到了大自然的美丽、动物的可爱以及科学技术的强大。让我们珍惜这个美好的世界，继续探索未知的领域。\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "bb3b5792-c2d5-4195-976f-d18ffc2ef275",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "一、起源：IPython 的诞生（2001-2011）\n",
    "技术痛点驱动\n",
    "2001 年，Fernando Pérez 在加州大学伯克利分校使用 Python 进行科学计算时，发现原生交互式 Shell（>>>）难以满足复杂实验需求。他希望创建一个支持代码补全、历史记录、并行计算的工具，于是启动了IPython 项目（Interactive Python）。\n",
    "关键里程碑\n",
    "2007 年：IPython 0.8 版本引入 “魔法命令”（如%timeit性能分析），成为科学计算的重要工具。\n",
    "2011 年：IPython 0.13 版本革命性地推出IPython Notebook，这是首个基于 Web 的交互式代码文档系统，支持代码、Markdown 文本、LaTeX 公式和可视化结果的混合编辑。\n",
    "技术架构创新\n",
    "IPython Notebook 采用客户端 - 服务器架构：前端通过浏览器渲染，后端使用 ZeroMQ 协议与 Python 内核通信，实现代码执行与界面分离。这一设计为后续多语言支持奠定了基础。\n",
    "二、蜕变：Jupyter 的诞生（2014-2018）\n",
    "多语言扩展需求\n",
    "随着 IPython Notebook 的流行，用户开始要求支持 R、Julia 等语言。2014 年，项目核心团队决定将其重构为Jupyter（Julia + Python + R 的缩写），以体现跨语言特性。\n",
    "技术突破\n",
    "Jupyter 内核协议：定义统一的通信标准（如execute_request、display_data），允许不同语言内核（如 IRkernel for R、IJulia for Julia）无缝接入。\n",
    "Notebook 格式：采用 JSON 格式存储代码、文本和输出，支持版本控制和协作编辑。\n",
    "生态扩展\n",
    "2015 年：Jupyter Notebook 4.x 版本发布，支持多内核切换和插件系统。\n",
    "2016 年：JupyterHub 上线，提供多用户管理和云部署能力，成为企业级数据科学平台的核心组件。\n",
    "三、现代化：JupyterLab 的崛起（2018 - 至今）\n",
    "界面革命\n",
    "2018 年发布的JupyterLab彻底重构了用户界面：\n",
    "多文档界面：支持同时打开代码、Markdown、CSV 文件，实现真正的 IDE 级体验。\n",
    "插件系统：社区开发了调试器、版本控制工具、终端模拟器等插件。\n",
    "黑暗模式：改善长时间编码的视觉舒适度。\n",
    "性能与功能提升\n",
    "2020 年：JupyterLab 3.0 引入中文界面、可视化调试器和远程内核支持。\n",
    "2023 年：JupyterLab 4.0 增强实时协作和 AI 辅助编程功能。\n",
    "云原生支持\n",
    "Jupyter 与云服务深度整合，如 Google Colab、AWS SageMaker、Kaggle Notebook 等，用户可直接在云端运行 Notebooks，无需本地配置。\n",
    "四、生态繁荣与未来展望\n",
    "语言与工具扩展\n",
    "支持40 + 编程语言：包括 Scala、Haskell、C++ 等，通过jupyter kernelspec命令即可安装新内核。\n",
    "数据科学工具链：与 Pandas、Scikit-learn、Plotly 等库深度集成，成为数据分析的标准环境。\n",
    "教育与科研应用\n",
    "教科书革命：O'Reilly 出版《Python 数据科学手册》等书籍，以 Notebooks 形式发布，读者可直接运行示例代码。\n",
    "学术论文复现：Nature、Science 等期刊要求作者提交可执行的 Jupyter Notebook，确保研究透明性。\n",
    "挑战与未来\n",
    "性能瓶颈：大模型训练时的内存和计算资源管理仍需优化。\n",
    "协作增强：实时协同编辑（如 Deepnote）和版本控制工具（如 nbdime）正在完善。\n",
    "AI 融合：JupyterLab 计划集成 CodeLlama 等 AI 助手，实现代码自动生成和调试。\n",
    "五、核心贡献者与社区\n",
    "Fernando Pérez：项目创始人，主导 IPython 到 Jupyter 的转型。\n",
    "Brian Granger：核心开发者，设计 Jupyter 的消息协议和架构。\n",
    "开源社区：全球超 5000 名贡献者维护代码，GitHub 上 Jupyter 相关项目超 1000 万个。\n",
    "时间线速览\n",
    "年份\t事件\n",
    "2001\tIPython 项目启动\n",
    "2011\tIPython Notebook 发布\n",
    "2014\tJupyter 项目独立，支持多语言\n",
    "2018\tJupyterLab 1.0 发布\n",
    "2020\tJupyterLab 3.0 支持中文和调试器\n",
    "2023\tJupyterLab 4.0 增强协作与 AI 功能\n",
    "Jupyter 的发展不仅是技术迭代，更是一场关于 **“计算民主化”** 的运动 —— 它让代码成为可解释的叙事，让数据探索变得直观，让跨学科协作成为可能。从单机到云端，从 Python 到多语言，Jupyter 始终站在交互式计算的前沿，定义着未来编程的形态。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "23c5b920-e6c9-4908-883b-50914374fbe9",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<!DOCTYPE html>\n",
    "<html lang=\"en\">\n",
    "<head>\n",
    "    <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n",
    "    <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\">\n",
    "    <script src=\"https://cdn.tailwindcss.com\"></script>\n",
    "    <link href=\"https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.7.2/css/all.min.css\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\n",
    "    <title>示例网页</title>\n",
    "</head>\n",
    "<body class=\"bg-gray-100 font-sans\">\n",
    "    <header class=\"bg-blue-500 text-white p-4\">\n",
    "        <h1 class=\"text-2xl font-bold\">欢迎来到示例网页</h1>\n",
    "    </header>\n",
    "    <main class=\"p-4\">\n",
    "        <section class=\"bg-white p-4 rounded shadow-md mb-4\">\n",
    "            <h2 class=\"text-xl font-bold mb-2\">关于这个页面</h2>\n",
    "            <p class=\"text-gray-700\">这是一个简单的 HTML 示例页面，展示了一些基本的网页元素，如标题、段落、图片和按钮。</p>\n",
    "        </section>\n",
    "        <section class=\"bg-white p-4 rounded shadow-md mb-4\">\n",
    "            <h2 class=\"text-xl font-bold mb-2\">示例图片</h2>\n",
    "            <img src=\"https://picsum.photos/800/400\" alt=\"示例图片\" class=\"w-full h-auto rounded mb-2\">\n",
    "            <p class=\"text-gray-700\">这是一张随机的示例图片。</p>\n",
    "        </section>\n",
    "        <section class=\"bg-white p-4 rounded shadow-md\">\n",
    "            <h2 class=\"text-xl font-bold mb-2\">点击按钮</h2>\n",
    "            <button class=\"bg-blue-500 text-white px-4 py-2 rounded hover:bg-blue-600\">点击我</button>\n",
    "        </section>\n",
    "    </main>\n",
    "    <footer class=\"bg-gray-200 text-gray-600 p-4 text-center\">\n",
    "        <p>&copy; 2025 示例网页. 保留所有权利.</p>\n",
    "    </footer>\n",
    "</body>\n",
    "</html>\n",
    "\n",
    "    "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "87f3e013-b302-4d0a-afc1-8365a52f1f38",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<!DOCTYPE html>\n",
    "<html lang=\"en\">\n",
    "\n",
    "<head>\n",
    "    <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n",
    "    <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\">\n",
    "    <title>无 CSS 的示例网页</title>\n",
    "</head>\n",
    "\n",
    "<body>\n",
    "    <h1>欢迎来到无 CSS 的示例网页</h1>\n",
    "    <p>这是一个简单的段落，展示了基本的文本内容。在这个页面中，没有使用任何 CSS 来进行样式设计，所有元素都以浏览器的默认样式显示。</p>\n",
    "    <h2>无序列表</h2>\n",
    "    <ul>\n",
    "        <li>列表项 1</li>\n",
    "        <li>列表项 2</li>\n",
    "        <li>列表项 3</li>\n",
    "    </ul>\n",
    "    <h2>有序列表</h2>\n",
    "    <ol>\n",
    "        <li>第一点</li>\n",
    "        <li>第二点</li>\n",
    "        <li>第三点</li>\n",
    "    </ol>\n",
    "    <h2>链接示例</h2>\n",
    "    <p>你可以点击下面的链接访问百度：</p>\n",
    "    <a href=\"https://www.baidu.com\">百度</a>\n",
    "    <h2>图片示例</h2>\n",
    "    <img src=\"https://picsum.photos/200/300\" alt=\"示例图片\">\n",
    "</body>\n",
    "\n",
    "</html>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "ece9a46d-5e3e-4d95-b6e6-f4fcd3d412c7",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "ody class=\"bg-gray-100 font-sans p-8\">\n",
    "    <table class=\"min-w-full bg-white border border-gray-300\">\n",
    "        <thead class=\"bg-gray-200\">\n",
    "            <tr>\n",
    "                <th class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\" rowspan=\"2\">产品类别</th>\n",
    "                <th class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\" colspan=\"3\">第一季度</th>\n",
    "                <th class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\" colspan=\"3\">第二季度</th>\n",
    "                <th class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\" rowspan=\"2\">半年总计</th>\n",
    "            </tr>\n",
    "            <tr>\n",
    "                <th class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">销售额</th>\n",
    "                <th class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">销售量</th>\n",
    "                <th class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">利润率</th>\n",
    "                <th class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">销售额</th>\n",
    "                <th class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">销售量</th>\n",
    "                <th class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">利润率</th>\n",
    "            </tr>\n",
    "        </thead>\n",
    "        <tbody>\n",
    "            <tr>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">电子产品</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">$50,000</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">200</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">15%</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">$60,000</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">250</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">18%</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">$110,000</td>\n",
    "            </tr>\n",
    "            <tr>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">服装</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">$30,000</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">350</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">12%</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">$35,000</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">400</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">14%</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">$65,000</td>\n",
    "            </tr>\n",
    "        </tbody>\n",
    "        <tfoot class=\"bg-gray-200\">\n",
    "            <tr>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\" colspan=\"2\">总计</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">550</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\"></td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">650</td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\"></td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\"></td>\n",
    "                <td class=\"border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2\">$175,000</td>\n",
    "            </tr>\n",
    "        </tfoot>\n",
    "    </table>\n",
    "</body>\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
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   "source": [
    "# 复杂数学公式示例\n",
    "\n",
    "## 多元函数的泰勒展开式\n",
    "对于一个 $n$ 元函数 $f(\\mathbf{x}) = f(x_1,x_2,\\cdots,x_n)$ 在点 $\\mathbf{a}=(a_1,a_2,\\cdots,a_n)$ 处的泰勒展开式为：\n",
    "$$\n",
    "f(\\mathbf{x}) = f(\\mathbf{a})+\\sum_{i = 1}^{n}\\frac{\\partial f(\\mathbf{a})}{\\partial x_i}(x_i - a_i)+\\frac{1}{2!}\\sum_{i = 1}^{n}\\sum_{j = 1}^{n}\\frac{\\partial^{2} f(\\mathbf{a})}{\\partial x_i\\partial x_j}(x_i - a_i)(x_j - a_j)+\\cdots+\\frac{1}{k!}\\sum_{i_1 = 1}^{n}\\cdots\\sum_{i_k = 1}^{n}\\frac{\\partial^{k} f(\\mathbf{a})}{\\partial x_{i_1}\\cdots\\partial x_{i_k}}\\prod_{s = 1}^{k}(x_{i_s}-a_{i_s})+R_k(\\mathbf{x})\n",
    "$$\n",
    "其中 $R_k(\\mathbf{x})$ 是余项，通常使用拉格朗日型余项或者佩亚诺型余项。\n",
    "\n",
    "## 量子力学中的薛定谔方程\n",
    "在非相对论量子力学中，对于一个质量为 $m$ 的粒子在势场 $V(\\mathbf{r},t)$ 中的含时薛定谔方程为：\n",
    "$$\n",
    "i\\hbar\\frac{\\partial}{\\partial t}\\Psi(\\mathbf{r},t)=\\left[-\\frac{\\hbar^{2}}{2m}\\nabla^{2}+V(\\mathbf{r},t)\\right]\\Psi(\\mathbf{r},t)\n",
    "$$\n",
    "其中 $\\hbar$ 是约化普朗克常数，$\\Psi(\\mathbf{r},t)$ 是粒子的波函数，$\\nabla^{2}=\\frac{\\partial^{2}}{\\partial x^{2}}+\\frac{\\partial^{2}}{\\partial y^{2}}+\\frac{\\partial^{2}}{\\partial z^{2}}$ 是拉普拉斯算子。\n",
    "\n",
    "## 黎曼 $\\zeta$ 函数\n",
    "黎曼 $\\zeta$ 函数定义为：\n",
    "$$\n",
    "\\zeta(s)=\\sum_{n = 1}^{\\infty}\\frac{1}{n^{s}}=\\frac{1}{1^{s}}+\\frac{1}{2^{s}}+\\frac{1}{3^{s}}+\\cdots\n",
    "$$\n",
    "其中 $s=\\sigma+it$ 是复变量，当 $\\sigma>1$ 时，该级数绝对收敛。并且黎曼 $\\zeta$ 函数满足函数方程：\n",
    "$$\n",
    "\\zeta(s)=2^{s}\\pi^{s - 1}\\sin\\left(\\frac{\\pi s}{2}\\right)\\Gamma(1 - s)\\zeta(1 - s)\n",
    "$$\n",
    "其中 $\\Gamma(s)$ 是伽马函数。\n",
    "\n"
   ]
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